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| VICTORIA 4 U |
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| Victoria Club Special |
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This site is an extension of www.victoriaclub5.cjb.net . In this site we endeavour to present the biography of famous personalities in the world over.We would also include information about mysterious phenomenon and news.The only site that quench the thirst of thirsty.
Jatindra Nath Mukherjee
Jatindra Nath Mukherjee was born in Jhenaidha district of Bengal in 1879.It is said that he came to be called 'Bagha Jatin' after killing a tiger single-handed and without any arms. Jatin's mother, a widow, raised him to be self-confident and to fight for those who could not fight for themselves. After passing the Entrance Examination he was appointed a stenographer to the government of Bengal and proved his efficiency as a sincere, honest, obedient and diligent employee. Jatin, a man with a strong sense of self-respect and national pride, came in contact with Aurobindo ghosh and his Anushilan Samiti. He took part in climbing, swimming and shooting in the body building Akhda or Anushilan Samiti of the revolutionary organisation Yugantar. There he met Naren (Manabendra Nath Roy) and the two soon gained the confidence of one another. In 1908 Jatin, with some revolutionaries, was implicated in the Alipore Conspiracy Case. In the judgement Anushilan Samiti was declared illegal and banned. Jatin and Naren, acquitted for want of evidence, went in hiding to Hawra-Shibpur area and continued underground works with other revolutionaries. Jatin was once again arrested in the Hawra-Shibpur Conspiracy Case, and those who were arrested with him were given the common name 'Jatin's gang'. They were so ruthlessly tortured that some of them died and some went insane. Jatin, though acquitted in this case also for want of evidence, was dismissed from service. When in jail, Jatin and Naren made a long term programme to capture power from British through armed insurrection. They planned to unite different groups of patriots and with this intention Naren traveled extensively all over India as a Sanyasi and organised the revolutionaries in Bengal and elsewhere. The leaders of various groups gathered together on the occasion of relief works during the floods in Hughli and Midnapore. They chose Jatin Mukherjee and Rashbehari Bose as leaders for Bengal and northern India respectively. Attempts were made to organise the Indian revolutionaries outside India also. A Yugantar Ashram was formed at San Francisco and the Shikh community took active part in the struggle for freedom. With the outbreak of the First World War, the Indian revolutionaries of Europe gathered together in Berlin to form the Indian Independence Party and sought German assistance, to which the German government agreed. The Indian Independence Party sent an emissary to Jatin Mukherjee to negotiate with the German Consul General in Calcutta. In the meantime Jatin was made the Commander-in-Chief of the entire revolutionary forces. Naren, leaving Jatin in hiding in Baleswar (Orissa), went to Batavia to negotiate a deal with German authorities there for the shipment of arms and financial help. Police, however, discovered the hideout of Jatin in a paddy field in Buribalam. On 9th September 1915, after heavy exchange of fire police found Jatin dead.
Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
Henry Louis Vivian Derozio born in 1809 was a Eurasian poet, rationalist thinker and teacher. He was appointed a teacher of the Calcutta Hindu College in May 1826 at the young age of seventeen. The subjects he taught were English literature and history. His mode of teaching was as unconventional as were his ideas. In fact, Derozio's activities as a teacher were not confined to the classrooms. His discourses covered a wide range of subjects- literature, history, philosophy and science. Soon he was able to arouse in his students so much enthusiasm that in 1828 he helped them in establishing a literary and debating club of their own known as the Academic Association. The Academic Association was a successful venture and its fortnightly meetings, which were held at a garden house at Manicktola, were attended by a large number of students and some liberal-minded and philanthropic Europeans. Its success encouraged students to establish similar societies in various parts of Calcutta. Although Derozio was president of the Academic Association, he was also connected with most of the other societies as a member and took active interest in their activities. Derozio's teachings promoted a critical outlook among his students who began to express doubt and dissatisfaction with the existing order. This young radical thinkers came to be known as Young Bengal and started the phase of Young Bengal Movement in Indian history. Influenced by the rationalist philosophy of David Hume and Jeremy Bentham and radical thinkers like Thomas Paine, they had begun to measure everything with the yardstick of reason. Towards religion their attitude was Voltairean. They did not hesitate to denounce openly the Hindu religion. Derozio's teachings produced great commotion in the Hindu society. He was accused of promoting heresy among his students most of whom came from orthodox Hindu families. The matter was brought to the notice of the Managing Committee of the Hindu College, which was dominated by conservative Hindus led by Raja Radhakanta Deb. Derozio was dismissed from the Hindu College in April 1831. His dismissal, however, did not curb the radical movement. In fact, Derozio had now more freedom than before to express his ideas. Nor did he loose contact with his students. Derozio was also actively involved in promoting the welfare of his Eurasian community, and had begun editing a daily English newspaper,The East Indian. He now encouraged some of his young Hindu disciples to take to journalism and disseminate their radical ideas through this important medium. Thus, Krishnamohan Benerji had started in May 1831 an English weekly newspaper, The Enquirer, and in the following month Dakshinaranjan Mukherji and Rasik Krishna Mallick began to publish a Bengali (later also English) newspaper, the Jnananvesan. Through these journals, apparently conducted under Derozio's guidance, the young radicals launched bitter attacks upon Hindu conservatism. The sudden death of Derozio in December 1831 , which was supposed due to slow poisoning, gave a severe blow to the cause of the radicals. Nevertheless, the spirit of enlightenment which this remarkable teacher had kindled in the minds of his young Hindu students continued to inspire succeeding generations and left a permanent impact on the social outlook of the Bengali Hindu community.
Pandit Ravi Shankar Robindra Shankar
Robindra Shankar was born on 7th of April, 1920,in Benares. He was the youngest of the four brothers. His father, Shyam Shankar, was an eminent scholar, statesman, and lawyer. The young Shankar or "Robu" was raised by his mother in some poverty for his father's absence for most of his childhood. As his eldest brother, Uday Shankar, the legendary dancer established his own Indian dance troupe, in 1930, Robu, his mother and brothers moved to Paris to join the troupe. In 1935, Ustad Allauddin Khan, an extraordinary virtuoso musician, commonly recognized as the founder of modern Hindustani classical music joined the troupe for a year. Captivated Shankar became "Baba" Allauddin Kahn's disciple in Maihar, Central India, when the troupe returned to India in 1938. For nearly seven years, he learned sitar according to the old guru-shishya approach. In 1941 he married Baba's daughter, Annapurna, and they had a son, Shubho, in 1942. Ravi Shankar first concert was in 1939. In 1940, he began recitals on All-India Radio. His innovative "jugalbandi" duets played with the young Ali Akbar Khan, his guru's son, the master of the sarod, popularised him. After ending full-time training, Shankar joined the Indian People's Theatre Association(1945-46) in Bombay, where he contributed the score to the ballet India Immortal (1945), and the soundtrack music to two realist movies in 1946. He also composed a new tune for the national song, "Sare Jahan Se Accha," which has become a popular standard. Shortly after India's independence, he put on two productions of the ballet, "The Discovery of India" (1947), based on books by J. L. Nehru. Shankar then become Director of Music at All-India Radio (1949-56). His experiments with new Vadya Vrinda ("National Orchestra") on Indian orchestral music attained him further fame. In this period, he composed and directed music for Satyajit Ray's celebrated Apu Trilogy. In 1952, he played for the violin maestro Yehudi Menuhin in Delhi, starting an overwhelming passion for Indian music in him and a deep friendship between them. In late 1956, he first toured Europe and America as a solo sitarist and made a considerable impact. In 1958, he visited Japan as leader of a cultural delegation and played at the UNESCO Music Festival in Paris. Ever since, he has been a regular globe-trotting performer. His talent for orchestral composition and love of stage spurred him on to a sequence of innovative musicals and ballets, including Melody and Rhythm. In 1962, he opened the Kinnara Music School in Bombay. As a classical soloist he interpreted traditional raga forms both from North of India and unusually that of South. He even composed a number of new ones many of which are popular ragas. He continued to provide well-received film soundtracks in both the East and the West, including Kabuliwala in 1956 (named best film music director at the 1957 Berlin Film Festival), Ralph Nelson's Oscar-winning Charly (1968) and Richard Attenborough's multi-Oscar winning Gandhi (for which he received an Academy Award nomination for the music). His album, Improvisations (1962), first explored the similarities between Indian music and Jazz. He gave lessons in Indian music to John Coltrane and Don Ellis and composed the piece, Rich a la Rakha, for Buddy Rich and his own erstwhile tabla accompanist, Alla Rakha. For the Bombay festival, Jazzmine (1980), he wrote pieces for, among others, saxophonist John Handy. In 1966, he played his first sitar-violin duet (West Meets East) with Menuhin at the Bath Festival. In the following year, he signifying himself with the internationalization of cultures at the United Nations as a centerpiece of the Human Rights Day celebrations. The first of three volumes of recordings of the concert won the Grammy Award for 1967's Best Chamber Music Performance. West Meets East: Album 3 (1977) also featured French flautist, Jean-Pierre Rampal, in two Shankar-composed pieces. Shankar leaped into the popular consciousness after meeting with and teaching Beetle George Harrison in 1966. His image changed from highly-respected classical musician to the hippie idol of Monterey and Woodstock.
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| Pandit Ravi Shankar Robindra Shankar |
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